Beta-Lactam Resistance Profile of E. Coli Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection Patients in Selected Hospitals within Gusau Metropolis

Abstract

The emergence of antibiotic resistance, particularly beta-lactam resistance, poses a significant challenge in the management of urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli). This study aimed to investigate the beta-lactam resistance profile of E. coli isolated from UTI patients in selected hospitals within the Gusau metropolis. A total of 92 urine samples were collected from UTI patients attending selected hospitals in Gusau metropolis. Isolation and identification of E. coli were conducted using standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the disc diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Furthermore, phenotypic confirmation of beta-lactam resistance was carried out using double disc synergy testing (DDST).  Out of 92 urine samples obtained from patients with UTIs, E. coli was identified in 19 samples (20.7%), out of the 19 E. coli isolates, ESBL production was detected in 9 (47.36%) based on the results of the DDST, and among the E. coli isolates tested, 12 (63.16%) exhibited resistance to beta-lactam (Ceftriaxone), while 5 (26.31%) showed intermediate susceptibility, and 2 (10.53%) were susceptible to this antibiotic. Results revealed a concerning prevalence of beta-lactam resistance among E. coli isolates, highlighting the urgent need for effective antimicrobial stewardship and infection control measures in the region.