Catalytic Valorization of Heavy Crude Oil Via Aquathermolysis with Mo2C/S-ZrO2 System

Abstract

Catalytic aquathermolysis emerges as a new approach to valorize heavy crude oil into lighter compositions with industrial compatibilities. Although several catalytic systems have been tested, certain critical issues remained unresolved. Therefore, the potential of Mo₂C/S-ZrO₂ as a candidate for upgrading a heavy crude oil with API gravity value of 12.0^o was evaluated at the laboratory scale. Successful designed of the Mo₂C/S-ZrO₂ catalyst was established via FT-IR and XRD studies. Both techniques revealed features that were consistent with disappearance of MoO₃ in MoO₃/S-ZrO₂ precursor and consequent formation of β-type Mo₂C. Interestingly, the tetragonal form of ZrO₂ was also unaltered by the carburization treatment (i.e. CH₄/H₂, 750^oC, 1.5 h). Additionally, the associated physicochemical properties were strongly responsible for viscosity reduction from 250.25 mPas to 78.30 mPas. Similarly, resins and asphaltenes were successfully ruptured into lighter saturates and aromatics during the process. Thus, the Mo₂C/S-ZrO₂ system has good potential for this application.