Phytochemical Profiling, GC-MS Analysis, and Antiplasmodial Potentials of Daniellia Oliveri and Morinda Lucida Leaves

Abstract

The global demands for use of traditional herbal medicines obtained from medicinal plants for some aspect of primary health care needs is on the increase despite due to the rising spread of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains to artemisinin derivatives, because traditional herbal medicines have been the most accessible, available, affordable and cheap source of malaria treatments for most communities. This study aims to determine the phytochemical compounds and bioactive components present in aqueous crude extracts of Daniellia oliveri, Morinda lucida and Combined recipe leaves. The phytochemical compounds and GC-MS identification of the bioactive components was determined. Results showed that Alkaloids, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, tannin, steroid, saponins, terpenoids and phenol were present. Phenols had the highest mean concentration in Daniellia oliveri (74.80 mg/g), Morinda lucida (97.78 mg/g) and Combined Recipe (80.85 mg/g) while Tannins had the lowest mean concentration in D. oliveri (3.10 mg/g), M. lucida (3.91 mg/g) and Combined Recipe (3.32 mg/g). GC-MS identification of the bioactive compounds revealed a total of 25 and 49 compounds in Daniellia oliveri and Morinda lucida leaves respectively. It could be concluded that the aqueous crude extracts of Daniellia oliveri and Morinda lucida leaves potentially contained phytochemicals and bioactive compounds reported to be active against malaria parasites.